Geo-Business GIS in the Digital Organization

by
Edition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2008-01-02
Publisher(s): Wiley
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Summary

Exploit the advantages of Geographic Information Systems in your businessOnce the domain of cartographers and other specialists, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are increasingly being employed by the business community. Location-based services, supply chain management, management of field-distributed equipment, geographical marketing and promotion, and the spatial web are some of the current business applications which make use of GIS principles. Written specifically for the businessperson, Geo-Business: GIS in the Digital Organization is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of GIS applications in the business and organizational environment. Going beyond a strictly geographical focus, this book sets GIS in the context of business information systems and other business sub-disciplines such as logistics, marketing, finance, and strategic management. It presents from an organizational perspective the advantages of spatially enabling existing enterprise systems and illustrates how GIS is applied in the real world through rigorous case study analyses of twenty companies, including Baystate Health, Chico's, Kaiser Permanente, Lamar Advertising Company, Rand McNally, Southern Company, Sears Roebuck, and Sperry Van Ness.In this book, you'll find out:- What GIS is and how it can be integrated into your organization's existing information infrastructure.- How GIS is currently making businesses better, and how you can apply the same techniques to your industry or organization.- The expanding roles of GIS and spatial technologies in the web and mobile environments.- The ethical, legal, and security issues of special technologies- How to conduct a cost/benefit and ROI analyses for GIS.Grounded in the real world of business and IT, Geo-Business will show you how spatially enabling your IT systems can give you a unique advantage to beat your competitors in the market, win and retain customers, grow your business, make better decisions, develop new products and services, and optimize your workflow.

Author Biography

James B. Pick is Professor of Business at the University of Redlands, California, where he served as Chair of the Department of Management and Business and the School of Business School Faculty Assembly. He holds a BA from Northwestern University and PhD from University of California, Irvine. He has published?ten books, including Mexico Megacity, Exploring the Urban Community: A GIS Approach, and Geographic Information Systems in Business, and over 100 peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and papers. He has received numerous grants and awards, including a Fulbright Senior Scholar Award for Mexico, and faculty awards for outstanding research and teaching.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. xiii
Acknowledgmentsp. xix
Gis in the Digital Economyp. 1
Business in the Digital Economyp. 1
The Rise in the Internet Platform for GISp. 2
Spatial Datap. 6
Case Study: Global Integrated Oilp. 9
The Spatial Re-Evolutionp. 14
Historical Antecedentsp. 14
Coupling Technologiesp. 17
Broadband as the Foundation for Web Servicesp. 20
Spatial Web Servicesp. 21
Open Source Softwarep. 22
Event-Driven Architecturep. 23
The Spatial Industryp. 24
Strategy, Competitive Advantage, and GISp. 31
Sperry Van Ness: Gaining Competitive Advantage from GISp. 32
Chapter Summaryp. 34
Referencesp. 34
Information Systems and GISp. 38
Introductionp. 38
Overview of Information Systemsp. 40
GIS: Concepts and Definitionsp. 43
GIS Location and Coordinatesp. 46
Map Layers and their Relationship to Attribute Tablesp. 48
Spatial Analysis-What It Is and an Examplep. 49
Linkages to Other Disciplinesp. 51
Case Study: Baystate Healthp. 53
Understanding Spatial Data and Mappingp. 54
Digitizingp. 55
Scanningp. 56
Use of GPSp. 56
Satellite and Remote Sensingp. 58
GIS Analysisp. 58
Spatial Analysisp. 59
Buffer Analysisp. 61
Map Overlay Functionsp. 61
Proximity Analysisp. 61
Longitudinal Change Detectionp. 62
Modeling and Forecastingp. 62
Statistical Analysisp. 62
Example: Location Quotient Analysis for Sitingp. 62
National Spatial Data Infrastructuresp. 64
GeoWebp. 64
Future Trends in Spatial Technologiesp. 65
Chapter Summaryp. 66
Referencesp. 66
Supporting Business Decisionsp. 70
Introductionp. 70
GIS to Support Decision-Making in Organizationsp. 71
Case Study of Spatial Decision-Making in a Large Personal/Corporate Bankp. 79
Trade Area Analysisp. 79
Market Demographics, Competitor Analysis, and Customer Satisfactionp. 80
Branch-Related Campaignsp. 80
LPCB Securitiesp. 80
Mapping Support for Executives on Strategyp. 80
Spatial Decision Support Systemsp. 81
SDSS and Visualizationp. 82
Prevalence of SDSSp. 84
Spatial Business Intelligence Systemsp. 90
WebFocus from Information Buildersp. 91
Map Intelligencep. 92
Case Study of Large Insurance Companyp. 93
Chapter Summaryp. 95
Referencesp. 95
Enterprise Applicationsp. 99
Introductionp. 99
GIS and Enterprise Resource Planningp. 102
Case Study of ERP at Pidpa, Belgian Water Utilityp. 107
GIS and Customer Relationship Managementp. 110
Site Evaluation Modelsp. 114
Distribution of Resourcesp. 114
Chico's Case Study: GIS and CRM in a Customer-Centric Fashion Companyp. 115
GIS and Supply Chain Managementp. 118
Spatial Data Warehouses and Data Miningp. 122
Case Study: Nesa, Danish Electrical Utilityp. 124
Chapter Summaryp. 129
Referencesp. 129
Customer-Facing GIS: Web, E-Commerce, and Mobile Solutionsp. 133
Introductionp. 133
Architectural Approaches to Spatial Technologiesp. 134
Client-Serverp. 134
Web Servicesp. 138
Consumer Web Servicesp. 142
Trulia.comp. 145
DataPlace.orgp. 145
Mobile Servicesp. 147
DS Watersp. 149
Seaspan International Ltd.p. 152
Case Study: MotionBased Technologiesp. 154
E-Commercep. 155
MasterCardp. 157
Zillow.comp. 158
Market Efficiencyp. 159
Standardizationp. 161
Grid Computingp. 165
Chapter Summaryp. 166
Referencesp. 167
Spatial Systems Developmentp. 169
Introductionp. 169
Systems Development for GISp. 170
Phases in Systems Development for GISp. 174
The Planning Phasep. 174
The Analysis Phasep. 176
Designp. 178
The Implementation Phasep. 184
The Maintenance Phasep. 185
Case Study Findings on Systems Developmentp. 185
Was Systems Development Done in-House or Mostly Outsourced?p. 186
If in-House, were Formal Phases Taken, or were Information Steps Followed?p. 187
What was the Composition of the Systems Development Project Team?p. 187
Was the Systems Development Approach Traditional or Object-Oriented?p. 187
Were there Differences by the Size of Company in the Approach Taken?p. 187
Case Study: Engineering Systemsp. 190
Chapter Summaryp. 193
Referencesp. 194
The Value of Investing in GISp. 195
GIS and Geographic Information-Their Valuep. 195
Setting the Context for Cost-Benefit Analysisp. 196
The Costs and Benefits of GISp. 199
Costsp. 199
Benefitsp. 200
Prevalence of Costs and Benefits in Case Study Companiesp. 202
Unit of Analysisp. 207
The Substeps in Cost-Benefit Analysis from Systems Design Perspectivep. 208
Comparison of Costs and Benefits Over Timep. 210
The Method of Discounted Cash Flowp. 211
Comparison with a Criterionp. 211
Intangible Costs and Benefitsp. 212
The Feasibility Decisionp. 213
Stakeholders and Externalitiesp. 213
Case Study of GIS Costs and Benefits: Sears Roebuckp. 214
The Productivity Paradox for GISp. 218
Chapter Summaryp. 219
Case Study: Norwich Union Unexpected Benefits of GISp. 220
Acknowledgementsp. 221
Referencesp. 222
Managing Spatial Datap. 227
Introductionp. 227
Introduction to Managing Spatial Datap. 228
GIS, Spatial Data, and Relational Databasesp. 231
Spatial Relational Data Modelp. 232
Spatial Object-Oriented Data Modelp. 235
Spatial Object-Relational Data Modelp. 238
Oracle Spatial 10gp. 239
ESRI's Geodatabasesp. 243
Case Study of Enmaxp. 246
GIS and Data Warehousesp. 248
Definitionp. 248
Historical Backgroundp. 249
Fundamentals of the Data Warehousep. 249
Key Applications of Spatial Data Warehousesp. 254
Future Directions in Data Warehousesp. 255
Managing Data Qualityp. 256
Chapter Summaryp. 258
Acknowledgmentp. 258
Referencesp. 258
Organizational and Industry Aspectsp. 261
GIS and the Organizationp. 262
GIS in Industry Areasp. 264
Utilitiesp. 267
Case Study of Southern Companyp. 278
Transportationp. 280
Retailp. 286
Chapter Summaryp. 292
Referencesp. 293
Industries and Outsourcingp. 295
Introductionp. 295
Insurancep. 296
Swiss Reinsurance Companyp. 298
Marketing/Geodemographicsp. 302
Banking and Financep. 311
Case Study of Large Credit Bankp. 312
Agriculturep. 314
Health Carep. 317
Spatial Technologies and Outsourcingp. 319
Kaiser Permanentep. 321
Chapter Summaryp. 323
Referencesp. 324
Ethical, Legal, and Security Issues of Spatial Technologiesp. 327
Introductionp. 327
Ethical Issuesp. 328
Privacyp. 336
Legal Issuesp. 339
Case Study of Legal Aspects of Surveillance: Kyllo v. United Statesp. 346
Crime and Securityp. 347
Chapter Summaryp. 350
Referencesp. 351
GIS and Business Strategyp. 355
Strategic Vision for GIS and Establishing a Strategic Planp. 356
Theories of IT Alignment, Internet Strategy and Situational Analysisp. 356
IT Alignmentp. 357
Internet Strategyp. 359
Situational Analysisp. 360
Case Study: Norwich Unionp. 361
An Evolutionary Framework for Strategic GISp. 364
Findings of Case Study Analysisp. 367
Case Findings for High Strategic Firmsp. 367
Global Integrated Oilp. 367
MotionBased Technologiesp. 367
Rand McNallyp. 368
Sears Roebuckp. 368
Southern Companyp. 368
Arizona Republicp. 369
Chico'sp. 369
Lamar Advertising Companyp. 370
Prudential Preferred Realtyp. 370
MapGisticsp. 370
Case Findings for Medium Strategic Firmsp. 371
Kaiser Permanentep. 371
Large Insurance Companyp. 371
URSp. 371
Sperry Van Nessp. 372
Western Exterminatorp. 372
Case Findings for Low Strategic Firmsp. 372
Large Personal/Corporate Bankp. 372
Large Credit Bankp. 372
Norwich Unionp. 373
Baystate Healthp. 373
Engineering Systemsp. 373
Summary of Findingsp. 374
Practical Advice to Managers on Strategies for GIS and Spatial Technologiesp. 377
Matching the GIS Strategic Plan with the Corporate Strategic Plan and the Corporate IT Planp. 377
Case Study: Rand McNallyp. 378
The Future and Spatial Strategies in Enterprisesp. 381
Chapter Summaryp. 381
Referencesp. 383
Indexp. 387
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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