
Geo-Business GIS in the Digital Organization
by Pick, James B.-
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Summary
Author Biography
Table of Contents
Preface | p. xiii |
Acknowledgments | p. xix |
Gis in the Digital Economy | p. 1 |
Business in the Digital Economy | p. 1 |
The Rise in the Internet Platform for GIS | p. 2 |
Spatial Data | p. 6 |
Case Study: Global Integrated Oil | p. 9 |
The Spatial Re-Evolution | p. 14 |
Historical Antecedents | p. 14 |
Coupling Technologies | p. 17 |
Broadband as the Foundation for Web Services | p. 20 |
Spatial Web Services | p. 21 |
Open Source Software | p. 22 |
Event-Driven Architecture | p. 23 |
The Spatial Industry | p. 24 |
Strategy, Competitive Advantage, and GIS | p. 31 |
Sperry Van Ness: Gaining Competitive Advantage from GIS | p. 32 |
Chapter Summary | p. 34 |
References | p. 34 |
Information Systems and GIS | p. 38 |
Introduction | p. 38 |
Overview of Information Systems | p. 40 |
GIS: Concepts and Definitions | p. 43 |
GIS Location and Coordinates | p. 46 |
Map Layers and their Relationship to Attribute Tables | p. 48 |
Spatial Analysis-What It Is and an Example | p. 49 |
Linkages to Other Disciplines | p. 51 |
Case Study: Baystate Health | p. 53 |
Understanding Spatial Data and Mapping | p. 54 |
Digitizing | p. 55 |
Scanning | p. 56 |
Use of GPS | p. 56 |
Satellite and Remote Sensing | p. 58 |
GIS Analysis | p. 58 |
Spatial Analysis | p. 59 |
Buffer Analysis | p. 61 |
Map Overlay Functions | p. 61 |
Proximity Analysis | p. 61 |
Longitudinal Change Detection | p. 62 |
Modeling and Forecasting | p. 62 |
Statistical Analysis | p. 62 |
Example: Location Quotient Analysis for Siting | p. 62 |
National Spatial Data Infrastructures | p. 64 |
GeoWeb | p. 64 |
Future Trends in Spatial Technologies | p. 65 |
Chapter Summary | p. 66 |
References | p. 66 |
Supporting Business Decisions | p. 70 |
Introduction | p. 70 |
GIS to Support Decision-Making in Organizations | p. 71 |
Case Study of Spatial Decision-Making in a Large Personal/Corporate Bank | p. 79 |
Trade Area Analysis | p. 79 |
Market Demographics, Competitor Analysis, and Customer Satisfaction | p. 80 |
Branch-Related Campaigns | p. 80 |
LPCB Securities | p. 80 |
Mapping Support for Executives on Strategy | p. 80 |
Spatial Decision Support Systems | p. 81 |
SDSS and Visualization | p. 82 |
Prevalence of SDSS | p. 84 |
Spatial Business Intelligence Systems | p. 90 |
WebFocus from Information Builders | p. 91 |
Map Intelligence | p. 92 |
Case Study of Large Insurance Company | p. 93 |
Chapter Summary | p. 95 |
References | p. 95 |
Enterprise Applications | p. 99 |
Introduction | p. 99 |
GIS and Enterprise Resource Planning | p. 102 |
Case Study of ERP at Pidpa, Belgian Water Utility | p. 107 |
GIS and Customer Relationship Management | p. 110 |
Site Evaluation Models | p. 114 |
Distribution of Resources | p. 114 |
Chico's Case Study: GIS and CRM in a Customer-Centric Fashion Company | p. 115 |
GIS and Supply Chain Management | p. 118 |
Spatial Data Warehouses and Data Mining | p. 122 |
Case Study: Nesa, Danish Electrical Utility | p. 124 |
Chapter Summary | p. 129 |
References | p. 129 |
Customer-Facing GIS: Web, E-Commerce, and Mobile Solutions | p. 133 |
Introduction | p. 133 |
Architectural Approaches to Spatial Technologies | p. 134 |
Client-Server | p. 134 |
Web Services | p. 138 |
Consumer Web Services | p. 142 |
Trulia.com | p. 145 |
DataPlace.org | p. 145 |
Mobile Services | p. 147 |
DS Waters | p. 149 |
Seaspan International Ltd. | p. 152 |
Case Study: MotionBased Technologies | p. 154 |
E-Commerce | p. 155 |
MasterCard | p. 157 |
Zillow.com | p. 158 |
Market Efficiency | p. 159 |
Standardization | p. 161 |
Grid Computing | p. 165 |
Chapter Summary | p. 166 |
References | p. 167 |
Spatial Systems Development | p. 169 |
Introduction | p. 169 |
Systems Development for GIS | p. 170 |
Phases in Systems Development for GIS | p. 174 |
The Planning Phase | p. 174 |
The Analysis Phase | p. 176 |
Design | p. 178 |
The Implementation Phase | p. 184 |
The Maintenance Phase | p. 185 |
Case Study Findings on Systems Development | p. 185 |
Was Systems Development Done in-House or Mostly Outsourced? | p. 186 |
If in-House, were Formal Phases Taken, or were Information Steps Followed? | p. 187 |
What was the Composition of the Systems Development Project Team? | p. 187 |
Was the Systems Development Approach Traditional or Object-Oriented? | p. 187 |
Were there Differences by the Size of Company in the Approach Taken? | p. 187 |
Case Study: Engineering Systems | p. 190 |
Chapter Summary | p. 193 |
References | p. 194 |
The Value of Investing in GIS | p. 195 |
GIS and Geographic Information-Their Value | p. 195 |
Setting the Context for Cost-Benefit Analysis | p. 196 |
The Costs and Benefits of GIS | p. 199 |
Costs | p. 199 |
Benefits | p. 200 |
Prevalence of Costs and Benefits in Case Study Companies | p. 202 |
Unit of Analysis | p. 207 |
The Substeps in Cost-Benefit Analysis from Systems Design Perspective | p. 208 |
Comparison of Costs and Benefits Over Time | p. 210 |
The Method of Discounted Cash Flow | p. 211 |
Comparison with a Criterion | p. 211 |
Intangible Costs and Benefits | p. 212 |
The Feasibility Decision | p. 213 |
Stakeholders and Externalities | p. 213 |
Case Study of GIS Costs and Benefits: Sears Roebuck | p. 214 |
The Productivity Paradox for GIS | p. 218 |
Chapter Summary | p. 219 |
Case Study: Norwich Union Unexpected Benefits of GIS | p. 220 |
Acknowledgements | p. 221 |
References | p. 222 |
Managing Spatial Data | p. 227 |
Introduction | p. 227 |
Introduction to Managing Spatial Data | p. 228 |
GIS, Spatial Data, and Relational Databases | p. 231 |
Spatial Relational Data Model | p. 232 |
Spatial Object-Oriented Data Model | p. 235 |
Spatial Object-Relational Data Model | p. 238 |
Oracle Spatial 10g | p. 239 |
ESRI's Geodatabases | p. 243 |
Case Study of Enmax | p. 246 |
GIS and Data Warehouses | p. 248 |
Definition | p. 248 |
Historical Background | p. 249 |
Fundamentals of the Data Warehouse | p. 249 |
Key Applications of Spatial Data Warehouses | p. 254 |
Future Directions in Data Warehouses | p. 255 |
Managing Data Quality | p. 256 |
Chapter Summary | p. 258 |
Acknowledgment | p. 258 |
References | p. 258 |
Organizational and Industry Aspects | p. 261 |
GIS and the Organization | p. 262 |
GIS in Industry Areas | p. 264 |
Utilities | p. 267 |
Case Study of Southern Company | p. 278 |
Transportation | p. 280 |
Retail | p. 286 |
Chapter Summary | p. 292 |
References | p. 293 |
Industries and Outsourcing | p. 295 |
Introduction | p. 295 |
Insurance | p. 296 |
Swiss Reinsurance Company | p. 298 |
Marketing/Geodemographics | p. 302 |
Banking and Finance | p. 311 |
Case Study of Large Credit Bank | p. 312 |
Agriculture | p. 314 |
Health Care | p. 317 |
Spatial Technologies and Outsourcing | p. 319 |
Kaiser Permanente | p. 321 |
Chapter Summary | p. 323 |
References | p. 324 |
Ethical, Legal, and Security Issues of Spatial Technologies | p. 327 |
Introduction | p. 327 |
Ethical Issues | p. 328 |
Privacy | p. 336 |
Legal Issues | p. 339 |
Case Study of Legal Aspects of Surveillance: Kyllo v. United States | p. 346 |
Crime and Security | p. 347 |
Chapter Summary | p. 350 |
References | p. 351 |
GIS and Business Strategy | p. 355 |
Strategic Vision for GIS and Establishing a Strategic Plan | p. 356 |
Theories of IT Alignment, Internet Strategy and Situational Analysis | p. 356 |
IT Alignment | p. 357 |
Internet Strategy | p. 359 |
Situational Analysis | p. 360 |
Case Study: Norwich Union | p. 361 |
An Evolutionary Framework for Strategic GIS | p. 364 |
Findings of Case Study Analysis | p. 367 |
Case Findings for High Strategic Firms | p. 367 |
Global Integrated Oil | p. 367 |
MotionBased Technologies | p. 367 |
Rand McNally | p. 368 |
Sears Roebuck | p. 368 |
Southern Company | p. 368 |
Arizona Republic | p. 369 |
Chico's | p. 369 |
Lamar Advertising Company | p. 370 |
Prudential Preferred Realty | p. 370 |
MapGistics | p. 370 |
Case Findings for Medium Strategic Firms | p. 371 |
Kaiser Permanente | p. 371 |
Large Insurance Company | p. 371 |
URS | p. 371 |
Sperry Van Ness | p. 372 |
Western Exterminator | p. 372 |
Case Findings for Low Strategic Firms | p. 372 |
Large Personal/Corporate Bank | p. 372 |
Large Credit Bank | p. 372 |
Norwich Union | p. 373 |
Baystate Health | p. 373 |
Engineering Systems | p. 373 |
Summary of Findings | p. 374 |
Practical Advice to Managers on Strategies for GIS and Spatial Technologies | p. 377 |
Matching the GIS Strategic Plan with the Corporate Strategic Plan and the Corporate IT Plan | p. 377 |
Case Study: Rand McNally | p. 378 |
The Future and Spatial Strategies in Enterprises | p. 381 |
Chapter Summary | p. 381 |
References | p. 383 |
Index | p. 387 |
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