High-Yield™ Behavioral Science

by Fadem, Barbara

Edition: 3rd

ISBN13: 9780781782586

ISBN10: 0781782589

Format: Paperback

Pub. Date: 2008-02-25

Publisher(s): LWW

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Summary

High-Yield(TM) Behavioral Science, Third Edition presents a concise review of the behavioral science material tested on the USMLE Step 1. The High-Yield(TM) outline format, with tables, diagrams, photographs, and images to clarify important material, provides a concentrated, efficient review for both course exams and the USMLE. Patient Snapshots present clinical scenarios and pose specific questions. Annotated answers and explanations appear at the end of each chapter. This edition is thoroughly updated, consistent with DSM-IV-TR, and reorganized into six major sections: The Life Cycle; Biological and Psychological Bases of Behavior; Psychopathology; Social Behavior; The Practice of Medicine; and Epidemiology and Statistics.

Author Biography

Barbara Fadem, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey

Preface	p. vii
Acknowledgments	p. ix
Child Development	p. 1
Infancy: Birth to 15 Months	p. 1
The Toddler Years: 16 Months to 2 1/2 Years	p. 3
The Preschooler: 3 to 6 Years	p. 4
School Age: 7 to 11 Years	p. 4
Adolescence and Adulthood	p. 7
Adolescence: 11 to 20 Years	p. 7
Early Adulthood: 20 to 40 Years	p. 8
Middle Adulthood: 40 to 65 Years	p. 9
Aging, Death, and Bereavement	p. 11
Aging	p. 11
Dying, Death, and Bereavement	p. 12
Psychoanalytic Theory	p. 14
Unconscious Mental Processes	p. 14
Psychoanalysis and Related Therapies	p. 14
Defense Mechanisms	p. 15
Learning Theory and Behavioral Medicine	p. 18
Overview	p. 18
Habituation and Sensitization	p. 18
Classical Conditioning	p. 18
Operant Conditioning	p. 19
Application of Behavioral Techniques to Medicine	p. 20
Substance-Related Disorders	p. 23
Overview of Substance-Related Disorders	p. 23
Neurotransmitter Associations	p. 23
Identifying Substance Use Disorders	p. 25
Treatment of Substance Use Disorders	p. 27
Sleep	p. 28
The Awake State and the Normal Sleep State	p. 28
Sleep Disorders	p. 28
The Genetics of Behavior	p. 33
Genetic Studies	p. 33
Genetic Origins of Psychiatric Disorders	p. 33
Genetic Origins of Neuropsychiatric Disorders	p. 34
Alcoholism	p. 36
Behavioral Neuroanatomy and Neurochemistry	p. 37
Neuroanatomy	p. 37
Neurotransmission	p. 37
Biogenic Amines	p. 39
Amino Acid Neurotransmitters Are Involved in Most Synapses in the Brain	p. 41
Neuropeptides	p. 41
Psychopharmacology	p. 42
Agents Used to Treat Psychosis	p. 42
Agents Used to Treat Mood Disorders	p. 42
Agents Used to Treat Anxiety	p. 46
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders	p. 48
Overview	p. 48
Etiology	p. 48
Clinical Signs and Symptoms	p. 50
Prognosis and Treatment	p. 51
Mood Disorders	p. 53
Definition, Categories, and Epidemiology	p. 53
Etiology	p. 54
Clinical Signs and Symptoms	p. 54
Differential Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment	p. 55
Cognitive Disorders	p. 57
Overview	p. 57
Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (Alzheimer Disease)	p. 57
Other Psychiatric Disorders	p. 60
Anxiety Disorders	p. 60
Somatoform Disorders, Factitious Disorder, and Malingering	p. 61
Personality Disorders	p. 63
Dissociative Disorders	p. 64
Obesity and Eating Disorders	p. 64
Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Childhood	p. 67
Suicide	p. 68
Epidemiology	p. 68
Suicidal Behavior	p. 68
Risk Factors	p. 68
Tests to Determine Neuropsychological Functioning	p. 71
Overview	p. 71
Intelligence Tests	p. 71
Personality Tests	p. 72
Neuropsychological Tests	p. 72
Psychological Evaluation of the Patient with Psychiatric Symptoms	p. 74
Biological Evaluation of the Patient with Psychiatric Symptoms	p. 74
The Family, Culture, and Illness	p. 77
The Family	p. 77
United States Culture	p. 78
Sexuality	p. 80
Sexual Development	p. 80
The Biology of Sexuality in Adulthood	p. 81
Sexual Dysfunction and Paraphilias	p. 82
Special Issues in Sexuality: Illness, Injury, and Aging	p. 84
Drugs and Sexuality	p. 85
Aggression and Abuse	p. 86
Aggression	p. 86
Abuse and Neglect of Children and the Elderly	p. 87
Physical and Sexual Abuse of Domestic Partners	p. 88
Sexual Aggression: Rape and Related Crimes	p. 89
The Physician-Patient Relationship	p. 91
Communicating With Patients	p. 91
The Ill Patient	p. 95
Compliance	p. 96
Stress and Illness	p. 97
Special Patient Populations	p. 97
Health Care Delivery	p. 99
Health Care Delivery Systems	p. 99
Physicians	p. 100
Cost of Health Care	p. 100
Health Insurance	p. 101
Demographics of Health	p. 102
Legal and Ethical Issues in Medical Practice	p. 104
Professional Behavior	p. 104
Legal Competence	p. 104
Informed Consent	p. 105
Confidentiality	p. 106
Infectious Diseases	p. 106
Advance Directives	p. 107
Death and Euthanasia	p. 108
Epidemiology	p. 109
Overview	p. 109
Research Study Design	p. 109
Measurement of Risk	p. 110
Testing	p. 111
Statistical Analyses	p. 114
Variables and Measures of Dispersion and Central Tendency	p. 114
Hypothesis Testing	p. 116
Statistical Tests	p. 117
Index	p. 118
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