Mahamudra : The Moonlight -- Quintessence of Mind and Meditation

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Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2006-06-05
Publisher(s): Wisdom Publications
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Summary

Mahamudra meditation is simultaneously the most profound of meditative disciplines and the most accessible for modern practitioners. Traditionally passed orally from teacher to disciple, mahamudra instructions point the meditator to the innate perfection of every experience.

When it first appeared in 1986, Mahamudra: The Moonlight - Quintessence of Mind and Meditation was the first presentation in English of a major Tibetan Buddhist work on meditation. This classic guide was composed in the sixteenth century by an eminent lama of the Kagyu school and is so comprehensive and practical that it is still widely used today as a manual. Divided into two major sections, it presents first the common approach and then the mahamudra approach to tranquility (shamatha) and insight (vipashyana) meditation.

Author Biography

Dakpo Tashi Namgyal (1511-87), a lineage holder of the Drukpa Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism who also trained in the Sakya school, was renowned as both a scholar and meditator. During his later years he served as chief abbot of Daklha Gampo in southern Tibet.

Lobsang P. Lhalungpa was born in Lhasa, Tibet. From 1940 until 1952, he was a monk-official in the service of His Holiness the Dalai Lama and of the Tibetan government. He established the first Tibetan-language program of All India Radio and dedicated his life to the promotion and preservation of Tibet's rich spiritual and cultural tradition. Lhalungpa translated The Life of Milarepa, and was chosen by His Holiness the Sixteenth Karmapa to translate Mahamudra: The Moonlight. He authored Tibet: The Sacred Realm. He lived in Santa Fe, New Mexico, for many years before his death in 2008.

Tenzin Gyatso, the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, is the spiritual leader of the Tibetan people. He frequently describes himself as a simple Buddhist monk. Born in northeastern Tibet in 1935, he was as a toddler recognized as the incarnation of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama and brought to Tibet's capital, Lhasa. In 1950, Mao Zedong's Communist forces made their first incursions into eastern Tibet, shortly after which the young Dalai Lama assumed the political leadership of his country. He passed his scholastic examinations with honors at the Great Prayer Festival in Lhasa in 1959, the same year Chinese forces occupied the city, forcing His Holiness to escape to India. There he set up the Tibetan government-in-exile in Dharamsala, working to secure the welfare of the more than 100,000 Tibetan exiles and prevent the destruction of Tibetan culture. In his capacity as a spiritual and political leader, he has traveled to more than sixty-two countries on six continents and met with presidents, popes, and leading scientists to foster dialogue and create a better world. In recognition of his tireless work for the nonviolent liberation of Tibet, the Dalai Lama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989. In 2012, he relinquished political authority in his exile government and turned it over to democratically elected representatives.

His Holiness frequently states that his life is guided by three major commitments: the promotion of basic human values or secular ethics in the interest of human happiness, the fostering of interreligious harmony, and securing the welfare of the Tibetan people, focusing on the survival of their identity, culture, and religion. As a superior scholar trained in the classical texts of the Nalanda tradition of Indian Buddhism, he is able to distill the central tenets of Buddhist philosophy in clear and inspiring language, his gift for pedagogy imbued with his infectious joy. Connecting scientists with Buddhist scholars, he helps unite contemplative and modern modes of investigation, bringing ancient tools and insights to bear on the acute problems facing the contemporary world. His efforts to foster dialogue among leaders of the world's faiths envision a future where people of different beliefs can share the planet in harmony. Wisdom Publications is proud to be the premier publisher of the Dalai Lama's more serious and in-depth works.
"

Table of Contents

Dedication xix
Foreword by His Holiness the Dalai Lama xxi
Preface to the First Edition xxii
Acknowledgements to the Second Edition xxv
Translator's Introduction xxvii
The Foundation of Buddhist Studies xxix
The Contemplative Foundation xxx
Tranquility and Insight: The Basic Stage of Mahamudra Meditation xxxiii
Meditation on Tranquility xxxiv
The role of mindfulness xxxv
Timely vigilance xxxvi
The nine stages of tranquility xxxvi
Meditation on Insight (into the True Reality) xxxviii
Mahamudra, the Quintessence of Reality xliv
The Four Yogas of Mahamudra xlvii
MAHAMUDRA
Introduction by Dakpo Tashi Namgyal 3(1)
Homage 3(2)
The Resolution to Compose this Work 5(1)
The Reasons Why the Meditation on the True Nature of Mind Is Essential 6(1)
1. All Realities Are But Mental Phenomena 6(3)
2. The Deficiencies Arising from Not Meditating on the True Nature of Mind 9(2)
3. The Benefits Arising from Meditation 11(2)
BOOK ONE A Concise Elucidation of the Common System of Tranquil Equipoise 13(2)
The Outline of Tranquil Equipoise in General and the Removal of Doubts 15(1)
The Meditation on Tranquility and Insight 15(2)
CHAPTER ONE The Ordinary Meditation of Tranquility and Insight 17(1)
1. The Cause of Tranquility and Insight 17(1)
2. The Elimination of Hindrances to Tranquility and Insight 18(8)
1. The Recognition of Hindrances
19(2)
2. Instructions in the Remedies Necessary to Remove the Hindrances
21(12)
1. The general elucidation of remedies for hindrances
21(2)
2. The specific means for removing dullness and sensual incitement
23(17)
1. Refraining from the causes of dullness and sensual incitement
23(1)
2. The elimination of dullness and sensual incitement
24(2)
3. Identification of the True Nature of Tranquility and Insight 26(3)
4. Distinctions of Tranquility and Insight 29(2)
5. Examination of the Stages of Tranquility and Insight 31(2)
6. Meditation on Joint Tranquility and Insight 33(4)
1. The Reason One Needs Both Tranquility and Insight
33(1)
2. The Method of Combining These Two
34(3)
7. The Result of Tranquility and Insight 37(2)
CHAPTER TWO The Stages of Tranquility and Insight: Part One, Tranquility 39(1)
1. The Preparation for Achieving Tranquility 39(1)
2. The Elucidation of Its Mental Images 40(5)
1. Elucidation of General Concentration
40(2)
1. Comprehensive visualization
40(1)
2. Analytical meditation
40(1)
3. Skillful investigation
41(1)
4. Meditation on the elimination of mental defilements
41(1)
2. Different Meditations to Meet Differing Needs
42(1)
3. Visualization at the Initial Stages of Practice [Tranquility]
43(1)
4. Maintaining a Visualized Image through Mindfulness and Vigilance
44(1)
3. The Methods of Realizing Tranquility 45(6)
1. The Eight Points of Mental Processes for Stability
46(1)
2. The Nine Stages of Settling the Mind
47(1)
3. The Six Powerful Methods for Achieving These Stages
48(1)
4. The Four Mental Applications for These Principles
49(2)
CHAPTER THREE The Stages of Tranquility and Insight: Part Two, Insight 51(1)
1. General Meditation on Insight 51(2)
2. Developing the Perfect View of Insight 53(11)
1. Establishing the Perfect View [of Selflessness]
53(1)
2. The General Meditation on Selflessness
54(7)
1. The reason for meditating on selflessness
54(2)
2. Ways of meditating on the two kinds of selflessness
56(35)
1. The negation of the self of personality
56(2)
2. The negation of the self of phenomenal reality
58(3)
3. Emergence of perfect view through meditating on selflessness
61(3)
3. The Specific Methods of Meditating on the Perfect View of Ultimate Reality 64(6)
1. Identification of the perfect view of reality
64(2)
2. Meditation upon tranquil absorption
66(2)
3. Achieving a postabsorptive perception
68(2)
CHAPTER FOUR The Stages of Tranquility and Insight: Part Three, Clearing Doubts Regarding the Methods for Maintaining the View of Reality and Meditative Absorption 70(1)
1. Distinction Between Analytical Meditation and Concentrative Meditation [Fixed Attentiveness] 70(2)
2. Application of Analysis and Concentration to Tranquility and Insight 72(3)
3. Analysis and Concentration on the View of Reality 75(2)
4. Elimination of Doubts About the Essential View of Reality 77(12)
1. Review of Other Buddhist Schools
77(7)
2. Establishing the Meditational System of Our School
84(5)
BOOK TWO An Extensive Elucidation of Mahamudra, The Uncommon Meditation 89(1)
PART ONE: PRELIMINARY EXPOSITION 90(1)
CHAPTER ONE The Reasons for Engendering Trust 91(30)
1. The Inherent Significance of the Teaching: Definition of Chakgya Chenpo [Mahamudra]
91(5)
1. The Various Meanings of the Tibetan Term Chakgya Chenpo
91(3)
2. The Substance and Distinction of Mahamudra's Inherent Significance
94(1)
3. The Benefits Derived from the Knowledge of Mahamudra and the Harm Ensuing from Ignorance of It
95(1)
2. The Origin of Mahamudra According to the Sutras
96(2)
3. The Origin of Mahamudra According to the Tantras, Especially the Unsurpassed Link [Anuttara-tantra]
98(11)
1. Exposition of the System of Three and Four Mudras
98(3)
2. Exposition of the Extraordinary Mahamudra
101(3)
3. Clearing Away the Confusion of Other Schools
104(5)
4. How Mahamudra Embodies the Deep Meaning of All the Sutras and Tantras
109(7)
1. Identifying the Essence of the Path
109(3)
2. Condensing the Deep Meaning of the Sutras and Tantras
112(4)
5. The Great Qualities of the Mahamudra Practitioners
116(5)
1. The Lineage of the Realized Ones in India
116(2)
2. The Lineage of the Meditative System in Tibet
118(3)
CHAPTER TWO Preparatory Practices 121(23)
1. Preparation
121(4)
1. The Systematic Path of General Teachings
121(2)
2. The Description of the Preparatory Exercises for this Meditative Path
123(2)
2. The Relevant Preparatory Practices: The Elucidation of the Uncommon Preparations
125(13)
1. Contemplation on Impermanence and the Like for Overcoming Laziness
125(1)
2. Taking Refuge in the Three Jewels and Engendering an Enlightened Attitude for Clearing Impediments in the Practice
126(3)
3. Making an Offering of the Cosmos [Mandala] for Enhancing Personal Virtue
129(2)
4. Meditation and Mantra Recitation for Purging Inner Defilements
131(2)
5. Contemplative Harmonization with the Perfect State of the Guru for Drawing in Spiritual Blessings
133(5)
3. The Practice Preceding the Meditational Stages
138(9)
1. The Requirement to Understand the Definitive Precepts
139(2)
2. How to Maintain Sessions for Meditation
141(3)
PART TWO: THE MAIN MEDITATION OF MAHAMUDRA 144(1)
1. A [Brief] Differentiation of Mahamudra Meditation 144(2)
2. Stages of the Actual Meditation 146(1)
CHAPTER THREE Guiding Meditators on the Path: Tranquility 147(30)
1. The Means of Mastering Tranquility
147(1)
2. Physical Conduct and Posture
148(2)
3. The Method of Concentrating on an Object
150(1)
4. Meditation for Attaining Settled Tranquility with and without a Mental Image of an Object
151(17)
1. Meditation for Attaining Settled Tranquility with a Mental Image of an Object
151(4)
1. The actual meditation
151(3)
2. Identification with a tranquil state of mind
154(1)
2. Meditation for Attaining Settled Tranquility without a Mental Image of an Object
155(26)
1. Using the breathing and not using the breathing
155(5)
1. Using the breathing
155(1)
1. Focusing the mind on counting each breath rhythm
155(1)
2. Focusing the mind on the breath's inward retention
157(2)
2. Not using the breathing
159(1)
2. Achieving formless tranquility without a mental image
160(21)
1. The methods for achieving flawless tranquility
160(1)
1. The importance of knowing the vital point of balance between exertion and relaxation
160(1)
2. The meditation with mental exertion
161(1)
3. The relaxed meditation
162(3)
2. Recognizing its absorptive state
165(3)
5. How to Maintain the Tranquil State
168(2)
6. The Stages of Realizing the Settled Mind
170(4)
7. The Purpose of Realizing Tranquility
174(3)
CHAPTER FOUR Guiding Meditators on the Path: Insight 177(39)
1. The Reason Why Meditation on Insight Is Necessary
177(1)
2. The Preparatory Practice for Insight
178(2)
3. The Systems of Meditation on Insight
180(1)
4. The Relevant Meditation on Insight
181(29)
1. Determining the Intrinsic Nature of Diverse Mental Perceptions
181(22)
1. The reason why one achieves insight into the mind
181(4)
2. The determination of the mind's true nature as being the basis for everything
185(11)
1. Which of the scriptures deal with this subject?
185(1)
2. The actual stages of this meditation
186(2)
3. How this meditation compares with the original exposition
188(4)
4. How to determine the nature of the mind
192(4)
3. The determination of the mind's dynamic manifestations and dualistic appearances
196(7)
1. The showing of all appearances to be the products of mind
196(2)
2. The realization of mind, which will bring about an insight into all appearances
198(2)
3. The actual stage of this meditation
200(3)
2. Clearing Assumptions and Skepticism about the Basic Root [of Samsara and Nirvana]
203(13)
1. The definite sense that thoughts and appearances are of mental origin
203(2)
2. The attainment of certainty about the intrinsic nature of both tranquil and active states of mind
205(3)
3. The sense of certainty that all appearances are only nonarising
208(2)
5. The Characteristics of Emerging Insight
210(2)
6. The Blending of Insight with Other Systems of Insight
212(4)
CHAPTER FIVE The Stages of Virtuous Practice 216(39)
1. Understanding the System of Absorption at the Start
216(12)
1. Determining the Abiding Nature of Mind
216(7)
1. The Essence of Mind
216(2)
2. The Nature of Mind
218(3)
3. The Characteristics of Mind
221(2)
2. Explaining the Definitive Meaning of Spontaneous Coemergence
223(5)
1. The essence and terminology of spontaneous coemergence
224(1)
2. The differentiations of coemergence and their identification
225(2)
3. The significance of spontaneous coemergence
227(1)
2. The Actual Identification of Spontaneous Coemergence
228(13)
1. Identifying Coemergence of the Mind
228(4)
2. Identifying Coemergence of Thought
232(5)
3. Identifying Coemergence of Appearance
237(4)
3. The Elimination of Flaws and the Appreciation of the Meaning of Meditation
241(14)
1. The Areas of Erroneous Meditation
241(6)
2. The Flaws of Partial Meditation
247(1)
3. The Recognition of Flawless Meditation
248(7)
1. The mind's abiding nature is said to be identical with ordinary mind
248(1)
2. The recognition of the distinctive characteristics of ordinary mind
249(3)
3. The undistracted state [of ordinary mind] is shown to be meditation on Mahamudra
252(3)
CHAPTER SIX Consolidation of Experience in Meditation: How to Maintain Absorption and Postabsorption 255(42)
1. The Reason for Maintaining the Meditation Even After Gaining Insight into the Identity of Virtuous Contemplation
255(10)
1 The Reason for Maintaining the Meditation Even After Having Discovered Its Intrinsic State
255(2)
2 In General, How to Maintain the Meditation with the Support of Mindfulness, Vigilance, and Self-restraint
257(4)
3 In Particular, How the Role of Mindfulness is Vital in Meditation
261(4)
2. How Specifically to Maintain Absorption and Postabsorption
265(32)
1. Identifying the Nature of Absorption and Postabsorption
265(2)
2. The Methods of Maintaining a General Meditative State
267(1)
3. The Method of Maintaining Absorption
268(15)
1. Enumerating the methods for maintaining the mind's intrinsic nature
268(9)
1. The six methods for maintaining the absorptive state
268(4)
2. The well-known methods of settling the mind
272(3)
3. The other methods of settling the mind
275(2)
2. The condensed elucidation of these methods
277(6)
1. Meditating without intellectual effort
277(1)
2. Maintaining an undistracted awareness of intrinsic reality
278(2)
3. How these two methods contain the vital instructions on meditation
280(3)
4. The Method of Maintaining Postabsorption
283(11)
1. Recognition of mindfulness in postabsorption
283(1)
2. The method of maintaining meditation through postabsorptive mindfulness
284(2)
3. Sublimating discriminating thoughts
286(3)
1. Recognizing the contemplative identity
286(1)
2. Reviving the awareness of intrinsic reality
287(1)
3. Sublimating recreated afflictions
287(2)
4. Perceiving postabsorptive perceptions as being like a magical scene
289(8)
1. The meaning of a magical scene and the rise of illusion
289(1)
2. Perceiving postabsorption as being like an illusion
290(4)
5. The Method of Blending Absorption and Postabsorption
294(3)
CHAPTER SEVEN Consolidation of Experience in Meditation: How to Get Rid of Meditative Deviation 297(21)
1. The Elimination of Aberration and Deviation with Regard to Absorptive Equipoise
297(19)
1. The Elimination of the Four Aberrations
297(7)
1. The identification of the four aberrations
297(2)
2. The methods of guarding against these aberrations
299(5)
2. The Elimination of the Three Deviations
304(8)
1. Particular experiences as a possible ground for aberrations
304(2)
2. How the aberrations turn into deviations
306(6)
3. Methods to prevent deviations from taking place
312(4)
2. The Methods of Removing Obstacles to Meditation
316(2)
1. Removing Obstacles to General Absorption
316(1)
2. Removing other External or Internal Obstacles
316(2)
CHAPTER EIGHT Consolidation of Experience in Meditation: How to Determine the Mind as Nonarising [Emptiness] and Enhance Meditation 318(37)
1. Determining the Mind to Be Expansive, Open, and Nonarising
318(17)
1. The Epithet, Significance, and Time of Determining the Mind
318(2)
2. Determining the Abiding Nature of the Mind
320(2)
3. Watching the Mind's Inner Face as the Basis of Determination
322(5)
1. Watching the nature of mind and of appearances
322(3)
2. The nature of meditation and meditator
325(2)
4. Being Aware of the Mind's Nonarising Openness
327(5)
5. Remaining in the State of Determinate Awareness Throughout the Day and Night
332(3)
2. Perfecting the Efficacy [of Awareness] through the Sublimation of the Path
335(20)
1. The Ideal Time Conducive to the Practices
335(5)
2. The Vital Significance of this Practice in General
340(2)
3. The Six Ways of Sublimating the Practices
342(16)
1. Elevating dualistic thoughts to the path by transforming any agonizing crisis into blessed conditions
343(2)
2. Elevating crude emotions to the path through the spiritual process called "Transforming Poison into Ambrosia"
345(2)
3. Elevating obstacles emanating from the superior and subordinate spiritual forces to the path
347(2)
4. Elevating miseries to the path by transforming them into the spirit of enlightenment [bodhichitta]
349(2)
5. Elevating the afflictions of disease to the path that harmonizes psychophysical elements into the even flavor of the elements
351(2)
6. Elevating one's dying to the path by unifying one's primal consciousness and recollected contemplative awareness, the way a mother and her daughter are reunited
353(2)
CHAPTER NINE The Resultant Dawning of Realization 355(61)
1. Differentiating the Ways of Realization
355(3)
2. How Realization of the Four Stages of Yoga Takes Place
358(20)
1. How the Sutras and Tantras Show the Four Stages of Yoga
359(4)
2. The General Meaning and the Essence of the Four Stages of Yoga
363(3)
3. The General Meaning of the Distinct Nature of Each [of the Four Yoga Stages]
366(12)
1. The difference in realization among the yoga stages
367(1)
2. The somber realm of inner sensations
368(1)
3. How postabsorption is maintained
369(1)
4. How stains of the mind are purified
370(1)
5. How postabsorption is pacified
371(1)
6. The difference between absorption and postabsorption
371(2)
7. The time of realization for each of the four yoga stages
373(1)
8. Some other characteristics of these four stages
374(4)
3. The Specific Elucidation of Each of the Four Yoga Stages of Mahamudra
378(38)
1. Differentiating Each of the Four Yoga Stages
378(2)
2. Differentiating Separately Each Level of the Four Yoga Stages
380(28)
1. The one-pointed yoga
380(8)
1. The differentiation of the one-pointed yoga
381(2)
2 How inner sensation and experience will dawn
383(2)
3. How this yoga is maintained
385(3)
2. The nondiscriminatory yoga
388(5)
1. The differentiation of the nondiscriminatory yoga
388(2)
2. How inner sensation and experience will dawn
390(1)
3. How this yoga is maintained
391(2)
3. The yoga of one flavor
393(6)
1. The differentiation of the one-flavor yoga
393(3)
2. How inner sensation and experience will dawn
396(1)
3. How this yoga is maintained
397(2)
4. The yoga of nonmeditation
399(6)
1. The differentiation of the yoga of nonmeditation
399(3)
2. How inner sensation and experience will dawn
402(1)
3. How this yoga is maintained
403(2)
5. The summary of their vital significance
405 (3)
3. How the Various Grounds and Paths [of Enlightenment] are Reached Through the Four Yogas
408(8)
Dedication by Dakpo Tashi Namgyal 416(3)
Colophon 419(4)
Translator's Notes 423(44)
Sources Cited in Mahamudra 467(11)
Suggested Reading 478

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