Preface |
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xxii | |
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Part 1 Strategic Management Inputs |
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1 | (101) |
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Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness |
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2 | (70) |
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Opening Case: General Motors: How Bright Is the Future? |
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3 | (3) |
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The 21 st-Century Competitive Landscape |
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6 | (9) |
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7 | (1) |
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The March of Globalization |
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8 | (2) |
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Technology and Technological Changes |
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10 | (2) |
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Strategic Focus: Amazon.com: Using Technology to Create Change |
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12 | (2) |
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Strategic Focus: Organizational Change: Be Ready, Because It Can't Be Avoided! |
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14 | (1) |
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The I/O Model of Above-Average Returns |
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15 | (2) |
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The Resource-Based Model of Above-Average Returns |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (2) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (3) |
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Classifications of Stakeholders |
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21 | (3) |
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24 | (2) |
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The Work of Effective Strategic Leaders |
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25 | (1) |
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Predicting Outcomes of Strategic Decisions: Profit Pools |
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25 | (1) |
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The Strategic Management Process |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (4) |
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The External Environment: Opportunities, Threats, Industry Competition, and Competitor Analysis 34 |
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Opening Case: General and Competitive Environmental Influences on U.S. Airlines |
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35 | (2) |
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The General, Industry, and Competitor Environments |
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37 | (2) |
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External Environmental Analysis |
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39 | (3) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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Segments of the General Environment |
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42 | (9) |
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42 | (3) |
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45 | (1) |
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The Political/Legal Segment |
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46 | (1) |
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The Sociocultural Segment |
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47 | (1) |
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The Technological Segment |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (2) |
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Industry Environment Analysis |
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51 | (10) |
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Strategic Focus: The Nature of the Competitive Forces in the Global Automobile Industry |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (3) |
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Bargaining Power of Suppliers |
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56 | (1) |
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Bargaining Power of Buyers |
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57 | (1) |
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Threat of Substitute Products |
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57 | (1) |
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Intensity of Rivalry among Competitors |
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58 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Satellite TV Service Substitutes for Digital Cable Service, Which Substitutes for Local Telephone Service |
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59 | (2) |
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Interpreting Industry Analyses |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (4) |
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The Internal Environment: Resources, Capabilities, and Core Competencies |
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72 | (30) |
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Opening Case: The Capability to Innovate: A Critical Source of Competitive Advantage |
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73 | (2) |
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The Nature of Internal Environmental Analysis |
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75 | (4) |
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The Context of Internal Analysis |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (2) |
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The Challenge of Internal Analysis |
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77 | (2) |
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Resources, Capabilities, and Core Competencies |
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79 | (6) |
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79 | (3) |
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Strategic Focus: Human Capital: Underutilizing Valuable Intangible Assets |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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Building Core Competencies |
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85 | (7) |
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Four Criteria of Sustainable Competitive Advantage |
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85 | (4) |
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89 | (3) |
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92 | (3) |
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Strategic Focus: Outsourcing---Boon or Bane to Competitiveness? |
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94 | (1) |
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Competencies, Strengths, Weaknesses, and Strategic Decisions |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (4) |
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Part 2 Strategic Actions: Strategy Formulation |
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102 | (196) |
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104 | (32) |
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Opening Case: Lamps of Distinction: Where Did the Customers Go? |
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105 | (2) |
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Customers: Their Relationship with Business-Level Strategies |
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107 | (5) |
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Effectively Managing Relationships with Customers |
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108 | (1) |
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Reach, Richness, and Affiliation |
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108 | (1) |
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Who: Determining the Customers to Serve |
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109 | (2) |
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What: Determining Which Customer Needs to Satisfy |
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111 | (1) |
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How: Determining Core Competencies Necessary to Satisfy Customer Needs |
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112 | (1) |
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The Purpose of a Business-Level Strategy |
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112 | (2) |
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Types of Business-Level Strategies |
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114 | (16) |
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115 | (4) |
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Strategic Focus: Beating Wal-Mart: It's Tough, But It Can Be Done |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (5) |
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125 | (2) |
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Integrated Cost Leadership/Differentiation Strategy |
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127 | (4) |
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Strategic Focus: Maytag Corporation: A Cost Leader? A Differentiator? |
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131 | |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (3) |
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Competitive Rivalry and Competitive Dynamics |
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136 | (30) |
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Opening Case: Southwest Airlines: The King of the Hill That Is Changing an Industry |
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137 | (2) |
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A Model of Competitive Rivalry |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (3) |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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Drivers of Competitive Actions and Responses |
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143 | (3) |
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Strategic Focus: Is General Motors Stuck in the 1970s? |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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Strategic and Tactical Actions |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (5) |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (2) |
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152 | (3) |
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Type of Competitive Action |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: The Continuing Saga of Coke and Pepsi Competition: Has Coke Fizzled While Pepsi Popped the Top? |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (4) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (3) |
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166 | (62) |
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Opening Case: Dining Concepts: What Is the Best Combination? |
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167 | (2) |
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Levels of Diversification |
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169 | (4) |
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Low Levels of Diversification |
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169 | (2) |
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Moderate and High Levels of Diversification |
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171 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: What Is the Best Way to Manage Product Diversification at GE? |
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172 | (1) |
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Reasons for Diversification |
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173 | (2) |
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Value-Creating Diversification: Related Constrained and Related Linked Diversification |
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175 | (6) |
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Operational Relatedness: Sharing Activities |
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175 | (1) |
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Corporate Relatedness: Transferring of Core Competencies |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Adding Maytag's Products to Whirlpool's: An Effort to Develop Market Power |
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178 | (2) |
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Simultaneous Operational Relatedness and Corporate Relatedness |
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180 | (1) |
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Unrelated Diversification |
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181 | (2) |
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Efficient Internal Capital Market Allocation |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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Value-Neutral Diversification: Incentives and Resources |
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183 | (5) |
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183 | (4) |
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Resources and Diversification |
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187 | (1) |
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Value-Reducing Diversification: Managerial Motives to Diversify |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (5) |
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Acquisition and Restructuring Strategies 196 |
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Opening Case: Domestic and Cross-Border Acquisitions: Meeting Competitive Challenges and Acquiring Critical Resources |
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197 | (2) |
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The Popularity of Merger and Acquisition Strategies |
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199 | (2) |
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Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers: What Are the Differences? |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (7) |
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201 | (2) |
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Overcoming Entry Barriers |
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203 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Mittal Steel Becomes the Largest Worldwide Steel Producer through a Strategy of Cross-Border Acquisitions |
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204 | (1) |
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Cost of New Product Development and Increased Speed to Market |
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205 | (1) |
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Lower Risk Compared to Developing New Products |
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206 | (1) |
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Increased Diversification |
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207 | (1) |
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Reshaping the Firm's Competitive Scope |
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207 | (1) |
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Learning and Developing New Capabilities |
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208 | (1) |
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Problems in Achieving Acquisition Success |
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208 | (6) |
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209 | (1) |
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Inadequate Evaluation of Target |
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210 | (1) |
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Large or Extraordinary Debt |
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211 | (1) |
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Inability to Achieve Synergy |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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Managers Overly Focused on Acquisitions |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (2) |
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216 | (6) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Restructuring through Firm Spin-offs Allows for Value Creation |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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223 | (5) |
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228 | (38) |
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Opening Case: Chinese Firms' Incentives for Foreign Acquisitions |
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229 | (3) |
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Identifying International Opportunities: Incentives to Use an International Strategy |
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232 | (4) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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Economies of Scale and Learning |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (5) |
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International Business-Level Strategy |
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236 | (2) |
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International Corporate-Level Strategy |
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238 | (3) |
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241 | (4) |
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Strategic Focus: Whirlpool's Progress toward the Transnational Strategy |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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Choice of International Entry Mode |
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245 | (6) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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New Wholly Owned Subsidiary |
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249 | (1) |
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Dynamics of Mode of Entry |
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250 | (1) |
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Strategic Competitiveness Outcomes |
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251 | (2) |
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International Diversification and Returns |
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251 | (1) |
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International Diversification and Innovation |
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252 | (1) |
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Complexity of Managing Multinational Firms |
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253 | (1) |
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Risks in an International Environment |
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253 | (4) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Are China and India Changing Their Approach to Intellectual Property Enforcement? |
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255 | (1) |
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Limits to International Expansion: Management Problems |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (6) |
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266 | (32) |
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Opening Case: Using Alliances to Build Greater Value |
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267 | (2) |
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Strategic Alliances as a Primary Type of Cooperative Strategy |
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269 | (4) |
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Three Types of Strategic Alliances |
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269 | (2) |
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Reasons Firms Develop Strategic Alliances |
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271 | (2) |
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Business-Level Cooperative Strategy |
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273 | (6) |
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Complementary Strategic Alliances |
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274 | (2) |
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Competition Response Strategy |
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276 | (1) |
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Uncertainty-Reducing Strategy |
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276 | (1) |
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Competition-Reducing Strategy |
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277 | (1) |
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Assessment of Business-Level Cooperative Strategies |
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278 | (1) |
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Corporate-Level Cooperative Strategy |
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279 | (4) |
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Diversifying Strategic Alliance |
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280 | (1) |
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Synergistic Strategic Alliance |
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280 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Franchising Finger Foods the American Way |
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281 | (1) |
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Assessment of Corporate-Level Cooperative Strategies |
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282 | (1) |
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International Cooperative Strategy |
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283 | (1) |
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Network Cooperative Strategy |
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284 | (3) |
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284 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Forming an International Alliance Network for Innovation and Its Use |
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285 | (2) |
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Competitive Risks with Cooperative Strategies |
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287 | (1) |
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Managing Cooperative Strategies |
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288 | (2) |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (5) |
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Part 3 Strategic Actions: Strategy Implementation |
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298 | (127) |
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300 | (34) |
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Opening Case: Is Managerial Incentive Compensation Too High? |
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301 | (3) |
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Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control |
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304 | (7) |
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305 | (1) |
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Product Diversification as an Example of an Agency Problem |
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306 | (2) |
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Agency Costs and Governance Mechanisms |
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308 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: Sarbanes-Oxley Act Increases Governance Intensity |
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309 | (2) |
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311 | (1) |
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The Growing Influence of Institutional Owners |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (5) |
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Strategic Focus: Governing the CEO |
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315 | (1) |
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Enhancing the Effectiveness of the Board of Directors |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (2) |
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A Complicated Governance Mechanism |
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317 | (1) |
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The Effectiveness of Executive Compensation |
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318 | (1) |
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Market for Corporate Control |
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319 | (3) |
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Managerial Defense Tactics |
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321 | (1) |
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International Corporate Governance |
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322 | (3) |
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Corporate Governance in Germany |
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323 | (1) |
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Corporate Governance in Japan |
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324 | (1) |
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Global Corporate Governance |
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325 | (1) |
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Governance Mechanisms and Ethical Behavior |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (5) |
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Organizational Structure and Controls |
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334 | (38) |
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Opening Case: Sony's Struggles with Its Online Music Business: Organization and Cooperation Difficulties among Its Businesses |
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335 | (1) |
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Organizational Structure and Controls |
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336 | (5) |
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337 | (1) |
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337 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: A Change in Structure Leads to Improved Strategy Implementation at Kellogg Co |
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338 | (3) |
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Relationships between Strategy and Structure |
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341 | (1) |
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Evolutionary Patterns of Strategy and Organizational Structure |
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341 | (21) |
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341 | (2) |
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343 | (1) |
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Multidivisional Structure |
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343 | (1) |
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Matches between Business-Level Strategies and the Functional Structure |
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344 | (3) |
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Matches between Corporate-Level Strategies and the Multidivisional Structure |
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347 | (7) |
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Matches between International Strategies and Worldwide Structures |
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354 | (5) |
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Strategic Focus: Unilever is Reorganizing to Implement the Transnational Strategy by Using the Combination Structure |
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359 | (1) |
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Matches between Cooperative Strategies and Network Structures |
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360 | (2) |
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Implementing Business-Level Cooperative Strategies |
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362 | (1) |
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Implementing Corporate-Level Cooperative Strategies |
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362 | (1) |
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Implementing International Cooperative Strategies |
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363 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (1) |
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366 | (2) |
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368 | (4) |
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372 | (32) |
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Opening Case: Long-Term Vision or Operational Performance? The ``Un-Carly'' Takes Hewlett-Packard's Reins |
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373 | (2) |
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Strategic Leadership and Style |
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375 | (2) |
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The Role of Top-Level Managers |
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377 | (4) |
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377 | (4) |
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381 | (3) |
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Key Strategic Leadership Actions |
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384 | (12) |
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Determining Strategic Direction |
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384 | (1) |
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Effectively Managing the Firm's Resource Portfolio |
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385 | (1) |
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Strategic Focus: How Do Managers Acquire, Protect, and Use Resources Wisely? |
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386 | (3) |
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Sustaining an Effective Organizational Culture |
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389 | (2) |
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Strategic Focus: Change Lost in a `Sea' of Organizational Politics |
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391 | (1) |
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Emphasizing Ethical Practices |
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392 | (2) |
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Establishing Balanced Organizational Controls |
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394 | (2) |
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396 | (2) |
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398 | |
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397 | (2) |
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399 | (5) |
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Strategic Entrepreneurship |
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404 | (21) |
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Opening Case: W. L. Gore & Associates: The Most Innovative Company in America? |
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405 | (2) |
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Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Opportunities |
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407 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (1) |
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International Entrepreneurship |
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410 | (1) |
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411 | (5) |
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Strategic Focus: Panera Bread Company: Thriving through Internal Innovation |
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412 | (1) |
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Incremental and Radical Innovation |
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413 | (1) |
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Autonomous Strategic Behavior |
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414 | (2) |
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Induced Strategic Behavior |
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416 | (1) |
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Implementing Internal Innovations |
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416 | (3) |
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Cross-Functional Product Development Teams |
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417 | (1) |
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Facilitating Integration and Innovation |
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417 | (1) |
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Creating Value from Internal Innovation |
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418 | (1) |
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Innovation through Cooperative Strategies |
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419 | (2) |
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Strategic Focus: Cooperating to Innovate in the DVD Rental and Sales Markets |
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420 | |
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Innovation through Acquisitions |
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421 | (1) |
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Creating Value through Strategic Entrepreneurship |
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422 | (1) |
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423 | (1) |
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424 | (1) |
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424 | (1) |
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425 | |